Aleta Sprague
Fellow, Family-Centered Social Policy
This week, following months of negotiations, Congress is moving towards , which will establish funding levels and eligibility criteria for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/Food Stamps). Though it staves off the $40 billion in SNAP cuts proposed by the House, 听the final bill will still be a blow to low-income families, cutting over from the program鈥攐n top of the slashed just last November, which has already left food banks with a surge in demand.
Despite the cuts, the Farm Bill should preserve a key policy that was on the chopping block鈥攕o-called 鈥渂road-based categorical eligibility鈥 (BBCE), which gives states the option of raising or eliminating their SNAP asset limits, and modestly increasing the gross income limit. This policy has the for working families with children, which makes it particularly important as that working households comprise a growing proportion of the SNAP caseload. Low wages and rising expenses mean these families cannot get by on a paycheck alone, even working full-time 鈥 making SNAP a crucial work support.听
Citing its benefits for both low-income families and program administration, have already implemented BBCE 鈥 but there are a few hold-outs. Indiana has the lowest asset limits in the nation. Families accessing TANF can have no more than $1000 in the bank, while those participating in SNAP are restricted to $2000 (the lowest limit permitted by federal law). According to the , average monthly expenses for a Hoosier family of three 鈥攎eaning asset limits restrict them to enough savings to get by for only a couple of weeks, tops. As we detailed in last summer, Indiana stands in stark contrast to its neighbor Illinois, where asset limits for both programs have been eliminated. For families on the brink, the state line itself is a serious barrier to economic resiliency and long-term stability.
Change might be on the way, thanks to a new bill, , introduced in the state legislature earlier this month.听 S.B. 413 would take a major step forward by eliminating Indiana鈥檚 asset limits for both SNAP and TANF. Research shows that even modest savings strongly correlate with economic mobility; Charitable Trusts, 鈥淪omeone with $10,000 in liquid savings鈥s 6.5 times more likely to have moved up and 5.5 times more likely to have made it to at least the middle compared with someone with only $1,000 in liquid savings.鈥 Eliminating asset limits in Indiana would enable families to protect against emergencies and plan for the future, rather than signaling that 听
Unfortunately, advocates think it鈥檚 unlikely that the bill will succeed, and an derided the state legislature for moving forward with a costly, stigmatizing, and bill to drug test TANF recipients, while leaving in place real barriers to upward mobility. Nevertheless, progress takes time, and as the Farm Bill leaves BBCE still on the table, asset limit reform remains possible.
In recent weeks, many advocates and anger that the conversation about SNAP has been forced to focus so much on limiting cuts rather than strengthening the program鈥攑articularly as unemployment remains high and SNAP has proven to be a anti-poverty strategy. And they鈥檙e right: $8 billion less food on the table is hardly a victory against hunger and insecurity. Still, there are silver linings鈥攖he states just have to act on them.
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