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Pride started as a riot. Celebrated every June in the United States and worldwide, Pride Month honors the Stonewall Uprising, the 1969 protests against New York City Police as they raided a mob-owned gay bar. The Stonewall riots built on several other acts of resistance in the years preceding them, including the, the in New York, and the .

The first Pride marches were held in New York City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Chicago in 1970, and by the following year, they’d spread to London, Paris, West Berlin, and cities across the globe. Pride began as an act of resistance and a celebration of identity.

Being out and queer as a symbol of strength would continue to take center stage in the following decades. In the 1980s and ’90s, the AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT-UP) led grassroots efforts to protest the inaction of the Reagan and Bush administrations to address the AIDS epidemic—denying its victims rights, benefits, and care.

Until nearly the start of the twenty-first century, the American government was committed to building and maintaining a “straight state,” upholding the gender binary through sartorial laws, denying public gathering places to LGBTQIA+ Americans, and promoting far-ranging censorship of publications. In the name of national security, LGBTQIA+ Americans were targeted and expelled from within its ranks, making their safety and citizenship conditional.

Many of the first waves of LGBTQIA+ rights activists were veterans of World War II, Vietnam, and Korea. In 1975, Vietnam veteran and Technical Sergeant made history by handing his superior officer, a Black captain, a coming-out letter and saying, “It means Brown v. Board of Education.” In doing so, T/Sgt. Matlovich became the subject of a court case to challenge the military’s ban on gay and lesbian service members.

The work of activists before us and the work still to be done—as highlighted by the recently repealed trans service ban and discussions surrounding the pardon of Chelsea Manning—inspired the creation of (ONS), a community of LGBTQIA+ activists and national security practitioners seeking to create equal access and opportunity.

Despite the vast number of LGBTQIA+ individuals employed by the Pentagon, there is both a lack of LGBTQIA+ representation at the decision-making table in national security spaces and a clear lack of understanding among traditional gay advocacy of the needs of queer national security professionals. ONS was created to fill both gaps, by building a space that connected the LGBTQIA+ community in the field and empowering them to work together to accelerate their careers through professional development, affect laws and policies, and recruit, retain, and promote LGBTQIA+ Americans across the national security sphere.

For years since our founding, we’ve partnered with ������Ƶ to highlight leaders and emerging voices from across the queer community. This partnership has continued to combat homophobia in the field, increase visibility, and allow many more to see themselves represented.

The fields of national security and foreign policy are very white male-dominated. A lack of diverse or queer representation in reading lists across subjects like military history, business, or foreign policy do little to challenge this. Without more inclusive narratives, generations of Americans—both in the security sector and more broadly—fail to learn how marginalized communities contribute to and serve this country, which only further perpetuates racism, homophobia, and misogyny.

But there are plenty of great reads that honor and amplify the experiences of LGBTQIA+ Americans working to advance peace and security at home and abroad. Whether you’re interested in sprawling histories, short story collections, or intimate memoirs, the books listed below offer a starting point to explore what it means to be out in national security—both in the past and present. In honor of Pride Month, this list aims to spark curiosity and help fill gaps in your knowledge about the unique history and experiences of the queer community in national security and foreign policy. Happy Pride and happy reading!

1. , Allan Bérubé
   This 1993 oral history puts queer Americans back into classic texts like and , where they belong. In collecting letters, diaries, and interviews across race, class, sexual orientation, and military rank, Bérubé weaves together a tapestry of the LGBTQIA+ men and women who mobilized alongside millions of other Americans. Uniquely, they were also caught up in U.S. government suspicions, dragnets, and casual humiliations. Despite the hostile atmosphere, they made time to dance, play cards, fall in love, and find each other.
2. , Sebastian Barry
   A lush and lyrical award-winning novel about two nineteenth-century Irish immigrants to the United States, one gay and one genderqueer. Together they join the Union Army, fight through the Civil War, and fall in love. As witnesses and perpetrators of cruelty, brutality, and immense violence across the Great Plains during the Indian Wars and Reconstruction-era Tennessee, they build both a home and a family together, creating a poignant portrait and adding greater perspective to a pivotal time in America.
3. , Kayla Williams
   This memoir by Kayla Williams, a former Arabic linguist for the U.S. army stationed in Iraq under the Clinton administration, is a standout in memoirs of the War on Terror. As a bisexual woman who witnessed the horrors of the war, Williams’s account offers a rare first-person narrative of what it was like to serve in the final years of the U.S. military’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy. In the book, Williams incisively documents the homophobia and misogyny she experienced and the wide gamut of experiences of all soldiers at war.
4. , Margot Canaday
   The Straight State is one of the most expansive studies of the federal regulations of homosexuality. Using startling and detailed evidence from the National Archives, historian Margot Canaday traces how the state systematically came to penalize homosexuality, giving rise to a regime of second-class citizenship that sexual minorities still live under today. The book illustrates how drawing boundaries around national citizenship—who is allowed to enter the country, serve in the military, or collect benefits—sharply defined the meaning of homosexuality in America.
5. Andrew Gelwicks
   This book is a collection of profiles and interviews of LGBTQIA+ dealmakers, trailblazers, and glass-ceiling breakers in business, politics, banking, and beyond. It is one of the most highlighted books I own. It emphasizes—across a constellation of cases—that being queer is more often an advantage to success, a novel argument that embraces difference as power and not as a hindrance, let alone a risk to unit cohesion or national security.